Christine Loock

MD, FRCPC

Investigator, BC Children's Hospital
Medical Director, Cleft Palate Program and Social Pediatrics RICHER program

Our start in life has a profound impact on our health and longevity. Early life matters. Early interventions have been proven to improve the developmental and life trajectories for the most vulnerable of our children, including those who have experienced in utero and early life adversity. Relationships also matter in the lives of children and youth; resiliency develops through the interactive effects of nature and nurture, both biology and environment. Brokering trust through respectful engagement and community partnerships creates opportunities for sustained interventions and healthier transition into adult health services.

Our research focuses on addressing disparities in health care engagement and inequities in health outcomes, with an effort to include populations of Canadian infants, children and youth who may be excluded, stereotyped, and/or become less visible in clinical research studies, due to socio-cultural barriers, material disenfranchisement and/or developmental diversity.

Academic Affiliations

  • Associate Professor, , Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia
  • Research Theme: Brain, Behaviour & Development

Contact Information

Assistant

Mary Jane Hornaas

mhornaas@cw.bc.ca

Location

4500 Oak Street, Room 3B08A, Vancouver, BC, Canada, V6H 3N1

The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child in Vancouvers inner city

British Columbia Medical Journal

Binda, C. and Beevor-Potts, A. and McFadden, A. and Lea, A.P. and Bland, C. and Lau, W. and Hodgson, K. and Vaghri, Z. and Loock, C.

Telemedicine and Pediatric Care in Rural and Remote Areas of Middle-and-Low-Income Countries: Narrative Review

Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health

Alnasser, Y. and Proao, A. and Loock, C. and Chuo, J. and Gilman, R.H.

DOI: 10.1007/s44197-024-00214-8

Who is in Your Waiting Room? Social Determinants of Health and Adverse Childhood Experiences in Pediatric Surgery Clinics

Journal of Pediatric Surgery

Ponton, E. and Singh, T. and Carwana, M. and Duffy, D.J. and Courtemanche, R. and Courtemanche, D.J. and Loock, C.A. and Baird, R.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2024.04.001

Facilitating Access to Care for Children With Complex Health Needs Through Low-Barrier Place-Based Intake Processes: Lessons From the RICHER Social Pediatric Model

Journal of Primary Care and Community Health

So, J. and Sun, S. and Kim, A. and Nemati, S. and Kim, M.M. and McIntosh, G. and Pikksalu, K. and Loock, C. and Carwana, M.

DOI: 10.1177/21501319241273284

Access issues and burden of care in craniofacial orthodontics

Cleft and Craniofacial Orthodontics

Fisher, E. and Gibson, T.L. and Loock, C.

DOI: 10.1002/9781119778387.ch47

Social inequities and visual function in pediatric ophthalmology populations: a small cross-sectional study

Research Square

He, B. and Binda, C. and Loock, C. and Gardiner, J.

DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-1344245/v1

Evaluation of rotavirus vaccine administration among a 22q11.2DS patient population

Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology

McGregor, S. and Boroditsky, M. and Blanchard-Rohner, G. and Loock, C. and Jade Hildebrand, K.

DOI: 10.1186/s13223-022-00693-z

Assessing the Social Determinants of Health and Adverse Childhood Experiences in Patients Attending a Children's Hospital Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Program

Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal

Ponton, E. and Courtemanche, R. and Singh, T.K. and Duffy, D. and Courtemanche, D.J. and Loock, C.

DOI: 10.1177/10556656211048742

Integrating dermatology services into a social pediatrics network: 8 years of experience in the RICHER (Responsive, Interdisciplinary/Intersectoral, Child/Community, Health, Education and Research) program

Pediatric Dermatology

Wingfield Rehmus and Misha Zarbafian and Saud Alobaida and Clea Bland and Denise Hanson and Gwyn McIntosh and Kristina Pikksalu and Christine Loock

DOI: 10.1111/pde.14762

11 / 2021

Supporting children and youth during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond: A rights-centred approach

Paediatrics & Child Health

Shazeen Suleman and Yasmine Ratnani and Katrina Stockley and Radha Jetty and Katharine Smart and Susan Bennett and Sarah Gander and Christine Loock

DOI: 10.1093/pch/pxaa086

08 / 2020

Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial of choline supplementation in school-aged children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders.

The American journal of clinical nutrition

Nguyen TT and Risbud RD and Mattson SN and Chambers CD and Thomas JD

DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.116.142075 PubMed: 32757546

07 / 2020

Taking steps to improve care and planning for patients in british columbia with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome

British Columbia Medical Journal

Boroditsky, M. and Courtemanche, R. and Courtemanche, D. and Robertson, S. and Loock, C.

Social Pediatrics: A Model to Confront Family Poverty, Adversity, and Housing Instability and Foster Healthy Child and Adolescent Development and Resilience

Clinical Care for Homeless, Runaway and Refugee Youth: Intervention Approaches, Education and Research Directions

Loock, C. and Moore, E. and Vo, D. and Friesen, R.G. and Warf, C. and Lynam, J.

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-40675-2_7

Treatment algorithm for the use of psychopharmacological agents in individuals prenatally exposed to alcohol and/or with diagnosis of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (Fasd)

Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology

Mela, M. and Hanlon-Dearman, A. and Ahmed, A.G. and Rich, S.D. and Densmore, R. and Reid, D. and Barr, A.M. and Osser, D. and Anderson, T. and Suberu, B. and Ipsiroglu, O. and Rajani, H. and Loock, C.

DOI: 10.15586/jptcp.v27i3.681

Prevalence of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder among High-Risk Children and Adolescents in a Correctional Facility.

The Israel Medical Association journal : IMAJ

Fisher E and Loock C and Melamed A and Blank S and Koren G

PubMed: 30685904

01 / 2019

It takes a village: a realist synthesis of social pediatrics program

International Journal of Public Health

Tyler, I. and Lynam, J. and O?Campo, P. and Manson, H. and Lynch, M. and Dashti, B. and Turner, N. and Feller, A. and Ford-Jones, E.L. and Makin, S. and Loock, C.

DOI: 10.1007/s00038-018-1190-7

Myelin Water Fraction Imaging of the Brain in Children with Prenatal Alcohol Exposure

Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research

McLachlan, K. and Vavasour, I. and MacKay, A. and Brain, U. and Oberlander, T. and Loock, C. and Reynolds, J.N. and Beaulieu, C.

DOI: 10.1111/acer.14024

A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the BC Childrens Hospital Cleft Palate Program Waitlist,Une analyse transversale de la liste dattente au programme de chirurgie labiofaciale du BC Childrens Hospital

Plastic Surgery

Leung, L.T.F. and Loock, C.A. and Courtemanche, R. and Courtemanche, D.J.

DOI: 10.1177/2292550319876664

Prevalence of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder among high-risk children and adolescents in a correctional facility

Israel Medical Association Journal

Fisher, E. and Loock, C. and Melamed, A. and Blank, S. and Koren, G.

ADDRESSING ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES (ACES) BY COMBINING PUBLIC HEALTH, SOCIAL PEDIATRIC AND RICHER COMMUNITY BASED APPROACHES.

Paediatrics & Child Health

Loock C and Beaulieu E and Carwana M and Singh T and Hanson D and Suleman S

05 / 2018

Response to "A critique for the new Canadian FASD diagnostic Guidelines".

Journal of the Canadian Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry = Journal de l'Academie canadienne de psychiatrie de l'enfant et de l'adolescent

Cook JL and Green CR and Lilley C and Psych R and Anderson S and Baldwin ME and Chudley AE and Conry J and LeBlanc N and Loock CA and Mallon B and McFarlane A and Temple V and Psych C

PubMed: 29662519

04 / 2018

Response to a critique for the new Canadian FASD diagnostic guidelines

Journal of the Canadian Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry

Cook, J.L. and Green, C.R. and Lilley, C. and Anderson, S. and Baldwin, M.E. and Chudley, A.E. and Conry, J. and Leblanc, N. and Loock, C.A. and Mallon, B. and McFarlane, A. and Temple, V.

Unpacking the Heterogeneity of Cognitive Functioning in Children and Adolescents with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder: Determining the Role of Moderators and Strengths

Advances in Neurodevelopmental Disorders

McLachlan, K. and Paolozza, A. and Kully-Martens, K. and Portales-Casamar, E. and Pavlidis, P. and Andrew, G. and Hanlon-Dearman, A. and Loock, C. and McFarlane, A. and Nikkel, S.M. and Pei, J. and Oberlander, T.F. and Samdup, D. and Reynolds, J.N. and Rasmussen, C.

DOI: 10.1007/s41252-017-0034-4

Dysregulation of the cortisol diurnal rhythm following prenatal alcohol exposure and early life adversity

Alcohol

McLachlan, K. and Rasmussen, C. and Oberlander, T.F. and Loock, C. and Pei, J. and Andrew, G. and Reynolds, J. and Weinberg, J.

DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2016.03.003

Relationships between head circumference, brain volume and cognition in children with prenatal alcohol exposure

PLoS ONE

Treit, S. and Zhou, D. and Chudley, A.E. and Andrew, G. and Rasmussen, C. and Nikkel, S.M. and Samdup, D. and Hanlon-Dearman, A. and Loock, C. and Beaulieu, C.

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150370

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder: A guideline for diagnosis across the lifespan

CMAJ

Cook, J.L. and Green, C.R. and Lilley, C.M. and Anderson, S.M. and Baldwin, M.E. and Chudley, A.E. and Conry, J.L. and LeBlanc, N. and Loock, C.A. and Lutke, J. and Mallon, B.F. and McFarlane, A.A. and Temple, V.K. and Rosales, T.

DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.141593

Screening and referral to identify children at risk for FASD: Search for new methods 2006-2013.

Journal of population therapeutics and clinical pharmacology = Journal de la therapeutique des populations et de la pharmacologie clinique

Koren G and Chudley A and Loock C and MacLeod SM and Orrbine E and Rosales T and Rosenbaum C and Sarkar M

PubMed: 25019303

07 / 2014

Evaluation of the neurobehavioral screening tool in children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD).

Journal of population therapeutics and clinical pharmacology = Journal de la therapeutique des populations et de la pharmacologie clinique

LaFrance MA and McLachlan K and Nash K and Andrew G and Loock C and Oberlander TF and Koren G and Rasmussen C

PubMed: 24897061

05 / 2014

Additional post-natal diagnoses following antenatal diagnosis of isolated cleft lip +/- Palate

Archives of Disease in Childhood: Fetal and Neonatal Edition

Burnell, L. and Verchere, C. and Pugash, D. and Loock, C. and Robertson, S. and Lehman, A.

DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2013-305390

Evaluation of the neurobehavioral screening tool in children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD)

Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology

LaFrance, M.-A. and McLachlan, K. and Nash, K. and Andrew, G. and Loock, C. and Oberlander, T.F. and Koren, G. and Rasmussen, C.

Screening and referral to identify children at risk for FASD: Search for new methods 2006-2013

Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology

Koren, G. and Chudley, A. and Loock, C. and Macleod, S.M. and Orrbine, E. and Rosales, T. and Rosenbaum, C. and Sarkar, M.

" They silently live in terror..." why sleep problems and night-time related quality-of-life are missed in children with a fetal alcohol spectrum disorder

Social Science and Medicine

Ipsiroglu, O.S. and McKellin, W.H. and Carey, N. and Loock, C.

DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2012.10.027

The social paediatrics initiative: a RICHER model of primary health care for at risk children and their families

BMC Pediatrics

Wong, S.T. and Lynam, M.J. and Khan, K.B. and Scott, L. and Loock, C.

DOI: 10.1186/1471-2431-12-158

The RICHER social pediatrics model: fostering access and reducing inequities in children's health.

Healthcare quarterly (Toronto, Ont.)

Lynam MJ and Scott L and Loock C and Wong ST

DOI: 10.12927/hcq.2011.22576 PubMed: 22008572

01 / 2011

Sleep Health Issues for Children with FASD: Clinical Considerations.

International journal of pediatrics

Jan JE and Asante KO and Conry JL and Fast DK and Bax MC and Ipsiroglu OS and Bredberg E and Loock CA and Wasdell MB

DOI: 10.1155/2010/639048 PubMed: 20706655

07 / 2010

Social paediatrics: Creating organisational processes and practices to foster health care access for children 'at risk'

Journal of Research in Nursing

Lynam, M.J. and Loock, C. and Scott, L. and Wong, S.M. and Munroe, V. and Palmer, B.

DOI: 10.1177/1744987109360651

Development of Canadian screening tools for fetal alcohol spectrum disorder.

The Canadian journal of clinical pharmacology = Journal canadien de pharmacologie clinique

Goh YI and Chudley AE and Clarren SK and Koren G and Orrbine E and Rosales T and Rosenbaum C and Taskforce for Development of FASD Screening Tools

PubMed: 18840921

09 / 2008

Culture, health, and inequalities: New paradigms, new practice imperatives

Journal of Research in Nursing

Lynam, M.J. and Loock, C. and Scott, L. and Khan, K.B.

DOI: 10.1177/1744987108088639

Bridging the research gap: aboriginal and academic collaboration in FASD prevention. The Healthy Communities, Mothers and Children Project.

Alaska medicine

George MA and Masotti P and MacLeod S and Van Bibber M and Loock C and Fleming M and McDiarmid T and Morton AM and Penno E and Prince E and Ranford J and Salmon A and Smith C

PubMed: 17929623

01 / 2007

Preventing fetal alcohol spectrum disorder in aboriginal communities: A methods development project

PLoS Medicine

Masotti, P. and George, M.A. and Szala-Meneok, K. and Morton, A.M. and Loock, C. and Van Bibber, M. and Ranford, J. and Fleming, M. and MacLeod, S.

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.0030008

Are FASD guidelines practical and sustainable?

CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne

Loock CA and Chudley AE and Conry J and Cook JL and Rosales T and LeBlanc N

DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.1050135

10 / 2005

Ensemble des troubles causs par l'alcoolisation f"tale : lignes directrices canadiennes concernant le diagnostic.

CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne

Chudley AE and Conry J and Cook JL and Loock C and Rosales T and LeBlanc N

03 / 2005

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder: Canadian guidelines for diagnosis

CMAJ

Chudley, A.E. and Conry, J. and Cook, J.L. and Loock, C. and Rosales, T. and LeBlanc, N.

DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.1040302

Identifying fetal alcohol spectrum disorder in primary care

CMAJ

Loock, C. and Conry, J. and Cook, J.L. and Chudley, A.E. and Rosales, T.

DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.050135

Are FASD guidelines: Practical and sustainable? [5] (multiple letters)

CMAJ

Goulden, K.J. and Loock, C.A. and Chudley, A.E. and Conry, J. and Cook, J.L. and Rosales, T. and LeBlanc, N.

DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.1050107

Structural and functional brain integrity of fetal alcohol syndrome in nonretarded cases

Pediatrics

Clark, C.M. and Li, D. and Conry, J. and Conry, R. and Loock, C.

DOI: 10.1542/peds.105.5.1096

Identifying fetal alcohol syndrome among youth in the criminal justice system

Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics

Fast, D.K. and Conry, J. and Loock, C.A.

DOI: 10.1097/00004703-199910000-00012

Effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on neuromotor and cognitive development during early childhood: A series of case reports

Physical Therapy

Harris, S.R. and Osborn, J.A. and Weinberg, J. and Loock, C. and Junaid, K.

DOI: 10.1093/ptj/73.9.608

Upper body exercise capacity in youth with spina bifida

Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly

Coutts, K. and McKenzie, D. and Loock, C. and Beauchamp, R. and Armstrong, R.

DOI: 10.1123/apaq.10.1.22

Knowledge of fetal alcohol syndrome among native Indians

Canadian Journal of Public Health

Robinson, G.C. and Armstrong, R.W. and Moczuk, I.B. and Loock, C.A.

Management of children with head trauma (III)

CMAJ

Macnab, A.J. and Loock, C.

Pharmacokinetics and Bacteriologic Efficacy of Moxalactam, Cefotaxime, Cefoperazone, and Rocephin in Experimental Bacterial Meningitis

Journal of Infectious Diseases

Schaad, U.B. and McCracken, G.H. and Loock, C.A. and Thomas, M.L.

DOI: 10.1093/infdis/143.2.156

Pharmacokinetics and bacteriological efficacy of moxalactam (LY127935), netilmicin, and ampicillin in experimental gram-negative enteric bacillary meningitis

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy

Schaad, U.B. and McCracken Jr., G.H. and Loock, C.A. and Thomas, M.L.

DOI: 10.1128/AAC.17.3.406

RICHER

The RICHER (Responsive, Intersectoral, Child & Community Health, Education and Research) Program in Social Pediatrics is a translational research to practice community outreach program seeking to make health services (primary to specialized) accessible to socially vulnerable children and families. Our “place-based” work approach has brought provincial and national, and recently international, attention. We are in our 10th year of collaborative study with UBC, PHSA (Children’s, Women’s and Sunny Hill), and BC regional health authorities. The RICHER Social Pediatrics Initiative (SPI) is co-lead with Dr. Judith Lynam , Professor of Nursing (UBC, CFRI), and is a participatory research program with primary health providers focusing on improving methods to measure health care access, patient trust and engagement, and developmental outcomes for socially and materially disenfranchised children and youth. We recently have partnered with Public Health Ontario and other Canadian Social Pediatrics initiatives on a ‘Realist Synthesis of Social Pediatrics Theory’ literature review, with focus on mechanisms and outcomes for effective service provision and engagement with vulnerable child/youth populations.

Our work with NeuroDevNet on Clinical Community Research with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD) is addressing gene-environment interactions, predictive biomarkers, and the relationship between structural alterations in the brain and functional outcomes. Thanks to our partnership with the communities engaged with the RICHER Social Pediatrics Initiative, we have been able to assist in the engagement and recruitment of families who often are unable to participate in research studies due to financial and other social barriers. Many of our families have experienced early life adversity with adverse childhood experiences (ACES). We are committed to knowledge transfer and dissemination of new discoveries from this national study of children with disabilities that will inform the development of effective interventions for children, youth and young adults affected by FASD and other disabilities, compounded by poverty, early life adversity and other ACES. This research is on-going, and in collaboration with Drs. Dan Goldowitz and and Tim Oberlander (BC Children's Hospital) and co-lead FASD Principle Investigators, Drs. James Reynolds and Joanne Weinberg,

The Sleep/Wake Behaviour Clinic and Research Lab, Sunny Hill Health Centre for Children, has developed an innovative and internationally acclaimed approach to pediatric sleep research that uses mixed methods to measure, describe and address sleep problems in children and youth with disabilities, including those with both genetic and acquired craniofacial conditions, including Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD). This collaborative research partnership is led by Dr. Osman Ipsiroglu (BC Children's Hospital), with our collaborations from the BC Children’s Provincial Cleft Palate Program with Dr. Douglas Courtemanche, Division of Plastic Surgery, C&W Chief of Staff, Dr. William McKellin, UBC Anthropology and Sociology, and Dr. Amy Salmon, researcher with the Canada FASD Research Network.

Grants

To be updated with input from BB&D Theme lead, T. Oberlander. Please refer to CVs of BC Children's Hospital Investigators

Oberlander, Ipsiroglu and Lynam for prior grants as co-applicant.

Honours & Awards

BC Pediatrics Society Judith Hall Advocacy Award, November 2015

Canadian Pediatric Society Certificate of Merit, 2009

Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Medal for service to the community, Governor General of Canada, 2012, presented by Minister of Parliament, Dr. Hedy Fry, January 17, 2013

Our Research

At BC Children’s, we are making discoveries that save lives and transform health care for children in our province and around the world. Our research portfolio includes basic, clinical, population, and public health research.

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