- Overview
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Endometriosis affects one in ten women, and is a common cause of pelvic pain and infertility. It is a condition where tissue from inside the womb, grows outside the womb, typically elsewhere inside the abdomen. In particular, endometriosis causes pelvic pain with intercourse (deep dyspareunia), which can have a devastating impact on women’s quality-of-life and relationships.
The focus of my research is on how endometriosis causes deep dyspareunia. I am investigating the genetic, cellular, nervous system, and psychological factors that lead to pain with intercourse in endometriosis. The goal is to identify the ideal treatments to reduce pain and improve sexual function in endometriosis.
- Publications
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ACCEPTABILITY, RELIABILITY AND VALIDITY OF A VAGINAL INSERT FOR THE SELF-ASSESSMENT OF ENDOMETRIOSIS-ASSOCIATED DEEP DYSPAREUNIA: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Rebecca Macleod and Gurkiran Parmar and Sandy Wu and Heather Noga and Arianne Albert and Natasha Orr and Kate Wahl and Paul Yong and Catherine Allaire and Lori Brotto and Ryan Flannigan
DOI: 10.1093/jsxmed/qdad133
09/2023Pelvic pain comorbidities associated with quality of life after endometriosis surgery
American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
Dwayne R. Tucker and Heather L. Noga and Caroline Lee and Derek S. Chiu and Mohamed A. Bedaiwy and Christina Williams and Catherine Allaire and Aline Talhouk and Paul J. Yong
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2023.04.040
08/2023Neuroproliferative dyspareunia in endometriosis and vestibulodynia
Agnes Mwaura and Nisha Marshall and Michael Anglesio and Paul Yong
DOI: 10.1093/sxmrev/qead033
07/2023Disease Burden of Dysmenorrhea: Impact on Life Course Potential
International Journal of Women's Health
Brittany MacGregor and Catherine Allaire and Mohamed A Bedaiwy and Paul J Yong and Olga Bougie
DOI: 10.2147/IJWH.S380006
04/2023Ohnut Versus a Waitlist Control for the Self-management of Endometriosis-Associated Deep Dyspareunia: Protocol for a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
JMIR Research Protocols
Sandy X J Zhang and Rebecca G K MacLeod and Gurkiran Parmar and Natasha L Orr and Kate J Wahl and Heather Noga and Arianne Albert and Ryan Flannigan and Lori A Brotto and Paul J Yong
DOI: 10.2196/39834
03/2023Reoperation and pain-related outcomes after hysterectomy for endometriosis by oophorectomy status
American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
Long, A.J. and Kaur, P. and Lukey, A. and Allaire, C. and Kwon, J.S. and Talhouk, A. and Yong, P.J. and Hanley, G.E.
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2022.08.044
2023Medical Treatment of Adenomyosis
Current Obstetrics and Gynecology Reports
Bahi Elbasueny and Maya Geerts and Catherine Allaire and Paul J. Yong and Mohamed A. Bedaiwy
DOI: 10.1007/s13669-022-00325-8
06/2022Ohnut Versus a Waitlist Control for the Self-management of Endometriosis-Associated Deep Dyspareunia: Protocol for a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Sandy X J Zhang and Rebecca G K MacLeod and Gurkiran Parmar and Natasha L Orr and Kate J Wahl and Heather Noga and Arianne Albert and Ryan Flannigan and Lori A Brotto and Paul J Yong
DOI: 10.2196/preprints.39834
05/2022Developing an Educational Website for Women With Endometriosis-Associated Dyspareunia: Usability and Stigma Analysis
JMIR Human Factors
Abdul-Fatawu Abdulai and A Fuchsia Howard and Paul J Yong and Heather Noga and Gurkiran Parmar and Leanne M Currie
DOI: 10.2196/31317
03/2022Central sensitization inventory in endometriosis
Pain
Orr, N.L. and Wahl, K.J. and Lisonek, M. and Joannou, A. and Noga, H. and Albert, A. and Bedaiwy, M.A. and Williams, C. and Allaire, C. and Yong, P.J.
DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002351
2022Racial and Ethnic Disparities in the Perinatal Health of Infants Conceived by ART
Pediatrics
Lisonkova, S. and Ukah, U.V. and John, S. and Yearwood, L. and Muraca, G.M. and Razaz, N. and Sabr, Y. and Yong, P.J. and Bedaiwy, M.A.
DOI: 10.1542/peds.2021-055855
2022Sex, Pain & Endometriosis: The development of a patient-centred e-health resource for those affected by endometriosis-associated dyspareunia
ResearchSquare
Parmar, G. and Howard, A.F. and Noga, H. and Tannock, L. and Abdulai, A.-F. and Allaire, C. and Lett, S. and Sutherland, J. and Lopez de Arbina, E.L. and Hummelshoj, L. and Bridge-Cook, P. and Yong, P.J.
DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-1946310
2022Deep dyspareunia: a narrative review of impact on sexual function and quality of life
Minerva Obstetrics and Gynecology
Yong, P.J.
DOI: 10.23736/S2724-606X.22.04974-0
2022Clinical use of artificial intelligence in endometriosis: a scoping review
npj Digital Medicine
Sivajohan, B. and Elgendi, M. and Menon, C. and Allaire, C. and Yong, P. and Bedaiwy, M.A.
DOI: 10.1038/s41746-022-00638-1
2022Molecular analysis suggests oligoclonality and metastasis of endometriosis lesions across anatomically defined subtypes
Fertility and Sterility
Praetorius, T.H. and Leonova, A. and Lac, V. and Senz, J. and Tessier-Cloutier, B. and Nazeran, T.M. and K{\"o}bel, M. and Grube, M. and Kraemer, B. and Yong, P.J. and Kommoss, S. and Anglesio, M.S.
DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2022.05.030
2022Interleukin-1ß and plasminogen activating system members in endometriotic stromal cell migration/invasion
F and S Science
Alotaibi, F.T. and Sediqi, S. and Klausen, C. and Bedaiwy, M.A. and Yong, P.J.
DOI: 10.1016/j.xfss.2022.09.004
2022Somatic Genomic Events in Endometriosis: Review of the Literature and Approach to Phenotyping
Reproductive Sciences
Paul J. Yong and Aline Talhouk and Michael S. Anglesio
DOI: 10.1007/s43032-020-00451-9
10/2021Developing an Educational Website for Women With Endometriosis-Associated Dyspareunia: Usability and Stigma Analysis (Preprint)
Abdul-Fatawu Abdulai and A Fuchsia Howard and Paul J Yong and Heather Noga and Gurkiran Parmar and Leanne M Currie
DOI: 10.2196/preprints.31317
06/2021Pathogenesis of bowel endometriosis
Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology
Paul J. Yong and Mohamed A. Bedaiwy and Fahad Alotaibi and Michael S. Anglesio
DOI: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2020.05.009
03/2021Negative Sliding Sign during Dynamic Ultrasonography Predicts Low Endometriosis Fertility Index at Laparoscopy
Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology
Sukainah Alfaraj and Heather Noga and Catherine Allaire and Christina Williams and Sarka Lisonkova and Paul J. Yong and Mohamed A. Bedaiwy
DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2020.05.003
02/2021Endometriosis in Canada: It Is Time for Collaboration to Advance Patient-Oriented, Evidence-Based Policy, Care, and Research
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada
Kate J. Wahl and Paul J. Yong and Philippa Bridge-Cook and Catherine Allaire
DOI: 10.1016/j.jogc.2020.05.009
01/2021Endometriosis: An update on diagnosis and medical management
British Columbia Medical Journal
Hunt, G. and Allaire, C. and Yong, P.J. and Dunne, C.
2021Role of interleukin-1ß in nerve growth factor expression, neurogenesis and deep dyspareunia in endometriosis
Human Reproduction
Peng, B. and Alotaibi, F.T. and Sediqi, S. and Bedaiwy, M.A. and Yong, P.J.
DOI: 10.1093/HUMREP/DEAA017
2021Molecular analysis suggests oligoclonality and metastasis of endometriosis lesions across anatomically defined subtypes.
medRxiv
Praetorius, T.H. and Leonova, A. and Lac, V. and Senz, J. and Tessier-Cloutier, B. and Nazeran, T.M. and K{\"o}bel, M. and Grube, M. and Kraemer, B. and Yong, P.J. and Kommoss, S. and Anglesio, M.
DOI: 10.1101/2021.04.12.21255355
2021Recreational Cannabis Use Before and After Legalization in Women With Pelvic Pain
Obstetrics and gynecology
Geoffrion, R. and Yang, E.C. and Koenig, N.A. and Brotto, L.A. and Barr, A.M. and Lee, T. and Allaire, C. and Bedaiwy, M.A. and Yong, P.J.
DOI: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000004207
2021Dyspareunia in Their Own Words: A Qualitative Description of Endometriosis-Associated Sexual Pain
Sexual Medicine
Wahl, K.J. and Imtiaz, S. and Lisonek, M. and Joseph, K.S. and Smith, K.B. and Yong, P.J. and Cox, S.M.
DOI: 10.1016/j.esxm.2020.10.002
2021Application of Anti-Stigma Design Heuristics for Usability Inspection
Studies in Health Technology and Informatics
Abdulai, A.-F. and Howard, A.F. and Noga, H. and Yong, P.J. and Currie, L.M.
DOI: 10.3233/SHTI210715
2021Technicity in Canada: A Nationwide Whole-Population Analysis of Temporal Trends and Variation in Minimally Invasive Hysterectomies
Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology
Chen, I. and Mallick, R. and Allaire, C. and Bajzak, K.I. and Belland, L.M. and Bougie, O. and Cassell, K.A. and Choudhry, A.J. and Cundiff, G.W. and Kroft, J. and Leyland, N.A. and Maheux-Lacroix, S. and Rajakumar, C. and Randle, E. and Robertson, D. and Thiel, J.A. and Tulandi, T. and Yong, P.J. and Laberge, P.Y.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2021.01.010
2021Intricate connections between the microbiota and endometriosis
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Jiang, I. and Yong, P.J. and Allaire, C. and Bedaiwy, M.A.
DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115644
2021A Proposed Platform for Phenotyping Endometriosis-Associated Pain: Unifying Peripheral and Central Pain Mechanisms
Current Obstetrics and Gynecology Reports
Paul J. Yong and Christina Williams and Mohamed A. Bedaiwy and Catherine Allaire
DOI: 10.1007/s13669-020-00288-8
09/2020Epidermal growth factor promotes stromal cells migration and invasion via up-regulation of hyaluronate synthase 2 and hyaluronan in endometriosis.
Fertility and sterility
Zhan H and Peng B and Ma J and Lin K and Xu K and Lin J and Yong PJ and Leung PCK and Bedaiwy MA and Lin J
DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2020.05.005
PubMed: 32762950
08/2020Clinical Conundrum: A 33-Year-Old With Pain Post-Orgasm and a History of Endometriosis
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada
Paul J. Yong
DOI: 10.1016/j.jogc.2020.02.003
05/2020Interdisciplinary Teams in Endometriosis Care.
Seminars in reproductive medicine
Allaire C and Long AJ and Bedaiwy MA and Yong PJ
DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1718943
PubMed: 33080631
05/2020Endometriosis and Negative Perception of the Medical Profession
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada
Nicole Ng and Kate Wahl and Natasha L. Orr and Heather Noga and Christina Williams and Catherine Allaire and Mohamed A. Bedaiwy and Paul J. Yong
DOI: 10.1016/j.jogc.2019.08.034
03/2020A Quantitative Analysis of Sleep Quality in Women with Endometriosis.
Journal of women's health (2002)
Arion K and Orr NL and Noga H and Allaire C and Williams C and Bedaiwy MA and Yong PJ
DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2019.8008
PubMed: 32176592
03/2020Endometriosis and Ectopic Pregnancy: A Meta-analysis
Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology
Paul J. Yong and Samaa Matwani and Chantalle Brace and Andrea Quaiattini and Mohamed A. Bedaiwy and Arianne Albert and Catherine Allaire
DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2019.09.778
02/2020CHC for pelvic pain in women with endometriosis: ineffectiveness or discontinuation due to side-effects.
Human reproduction open
Yong PJ and Alsowayan N and Noga H and Williams C and Allaire C and Lisonkova S and Bedaiwy MA
DOI: 10.1093/hropen/hoz040
PubMed: 32128454
02/2020Hospital-Associated Cost of Endometriosis in Canada: A Population-Based Study
Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology
Chen, I. and Thavorn, K. and Yong, P.J. and Choudhry, A.J. and Allaire, C.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2019.09.771
2020Immunoreactivity of Kisspeptin and Kisspeptin Receptor in Eutopic and Ectopic Endometrial Tissue of Women With and Without Endometriosis
Reproductive Sciences
Abdelkareem, A.O. and Alotaibi, F.T. and AlKusayer, G.M. and Ait-Allah, A.S. and Rasheed, S.M. and Helmy, Y.A. and Allaire, C. and Peng, B. and Yong, P.J. and Bedaiwy, M.A.
DOI: 10.1007/s43032-020-00167-w
2020The Impact of Noncavity-Distorting Intramural Fibroids on Live Birth Rate in in Vitro Fertilization Cycles: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Journal of Women's Health
Rikhraj, K. and Tan, J. and Taskin, O. and Albert, A.Y. and Yong, P. and Bedaiwy, M.A.
DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2019.7813
2020Deep Dyspareunia: Review of Pathophysiology and Proposed Future Research Priorities
Sexual Medicine Reviews
Orr, N. and Wahl, K. and Joannou, A. and Hartmann, D. and Valle, L. and Yong, P. and Babb, C. and Kramer, C.W. and Kellogg-Spadt, S. and Renzelli-Cain, R.I.
DOI: 10.1016/j.sxmr.2018.12.007
2020Regional Variation and Temporal Trends in Surgery for Pelvic Organ Prolapse in Canada, 2004-2014
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada
Lisonkova, S. and Geoffrion, R. and Sanaee, M. and Muraca, G.M. and Wen, Q. and Yong, P.J. and Larouche, M. and Cundiff, G.W.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jogc.2019.12.016
2020Deep Dyspareunia, Superficial Dyspareunia, and Infertility Concerns Among Women With Endometriosis: A Cross-Sectional Study
Sexual Medicine
Wahl, K.J. and Orr, N.L. and Lisonek, M. and Noga, H. and Bedaiwy, M.A. and Williams, C. and Allaire, C. and Albert, A.Y. and Smith, K.B. and Cox, S. and Yong, P.J.
DOI: 10.1016/j.esxm.2020.01.002
2020Clinical Conundrums
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada
Tulandi, T. and Yong, P.J.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jogc.2020.02.009
2020Raisonnement clinique
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada
Tulandi, T. and Yong, P.J.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jogc.2020.03.003
2020Raisonnement clinique: Une femme de 33 ans avec antécédents d'endométriose éprouvant des douleurs après l'orgasme
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada
Yong, P.J.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jogc.2020.03.005
2020Phenotyping Sexual Pain in Endometriosis Using the Central Sensitization Inventory
Journal of Sexual Medicine
Orr, N.L. and Wahl, K.J. and Noga, H. and Allaire, C. and Williams, C. and Bedaiwy, M.A. and Albert, A. and Smith, K.B. and Yong, P.J.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2019.12.019
2020Machine Learning Revealed New Correlates of Chronic Pelvic Pain in Women
Frontiers in Digital Health
Elgendi, M. and Allaire, C. and Williams, C. and Bedaiwy, M.A. and Yong, P.J.
DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2020.600604
2020ARID1A Mutations Promote P300-Dependent Endometrial Invasion through Super-Enhancer Hyperacetylation
Cell Reports
Wilson, M.R. and Reske, J.J. and Holladay, J. and Neupane, S. and Ngo, J. and Cuthrell, N. and Wegener, M. and Rhodes, M. and Adams, M. and Sheridan, R. and Hostetter, G. and Alotaibi, F.T. and Yong, P.J. and Anglesio, M.S. and Lessey, B.A. and Leach, R.E. and Teixeira, J.M. and Missmer, S.A. and Fazleabas, A.T. and Chandler, R.L.
DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108366
2020Dyspareunia in their own words: A comprehensive qualitative description of endometriosis-associated sexual pain
Wahl K and Imtiaz S and Smith KB and Joseph K and Yong PJ and Cox SM
DOI: 10.1101/19005793
09/2019Oncogenic Mutations in Histologically Normal Endometrium: The New Normal?
bioRxiv
Lac, V. and Nazeran, T.M. and Tessier-Cloutier, B. and Aguirre-Hernandez, R. and Albert, A. and Lum, A. and Khattra, J. and Praetorius, T. and Mason, M. and Chiu, D. and Köbel, M. and Yong, P.J. and Gilks, B.C. and Anglesio, M.S. and Huntsman, D.G.
DOI: 10.1101/561050
2019Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) expression in endometriosis
PLoS ONE
Alotaibi, F.T. and Peng, B. and Klausen, C. and Lee, A.F. and Abdelkareem, A.O. and Orr, N.L. and Noga, H. and Bedaiwy, M.A. and Yong, P.J.
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219064
2019Temporal trends in severe morbidity and mortality associated with ectopic pregnancy requiring hospitalisation in Washington State, USA: A population-based study
BMJ Open
Lisonkova, S. and Tan, J. and Wen, Q. and Abdellatif, L. and Richter, L.L. and Alfaraj, S. and Yong, P.J. and Bedaiwy, M.A.
DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-024353
2019Guideline No. 390-Classification and Management of Endometrial Hyperplasia
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada
Auclair, M.-H. and Yong, P.J. and Salvador, S. and Thurston, J. and Colgan, T.T.J. and Sebastianelli, A.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jogc.2019.03.025
2019Provoked Vestibulodynia in Women with Pelvic Pain
Sexual Medicine
Bao, C. and Noga, H. and Allaire, C. and Williams, C. and Bedaiwy, M.A. and Sadownik, L.A. and Brotto, L.A. and Smith, K.B. and Yong, P.J.
DOI: 10.1016/j.esxm.2019.03.002
2019East and South East Asian Ethnicity and Moderate-to-Severe Endometriosis
Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology
Williams, C. and Long, A.J. and Noga, H. and Allaire, C. and Bedaiwy, M.A. and Lisonkova, S. and Yong, P.J.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2018.06.009
2019Critical review of recent advances in the diagnosis, classification, and management of uterine adenomyosis
Current Opinion in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Tan, J. and Yong, P. and Bedaiwy, M.A.
DOI: 10.1097/GCO.0000000000000555
2019Assessing research gaps and unmet needs in endometriosis
American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
As-Sanie, S. and Black, R. and Giudice, L.C. and Gray Valbrun, T. and Gupta, J. and Jones, B. and Laufer, M.R. and Milspaw, A.T. and Missmer, S.A. and Norman, A. and Taylor, R.N. and Wallace, K. and Williams, Z. and Yong, P.J. and Nebel, R.A.
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2019.02.033
2019Live Birth Rate after Surgical and Expectant Management of Endometriomas after In Vitro Fertilization: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Critical Appraisal of Current Guidelines and Previous Meta-Analyses
Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology
Wu, C.Q. and Albert, A. and Alfaraj, S. and Taskin, O. and Alkusayer, G.M. and Havelock, J. and Yong, P. and Allaire, C. and Bedaiwy, M.A.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2018.08.029
2019Guideline No. 386-Gynaecologic Surgery in the Obese Patient
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada
Yong, P.J. and Thurston, J. and Singh, S.S. and Allaire, C.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jogc.2018.12.005
2019Prediction of Pouch of Douglas Obliteration: Point-of-care Ultrasound Versus Pelvic Examination
Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology
Arion, K. and Aksoy, T. and Allaire, C. and Noga, H. and Williams, C. and Bedaiwy, M.A. and Yong, P.J.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2018.09.777
2019Iatrogenic endometriosis harbors somatic cancer-driver mutations
Human Reproduction
Lac, V. and Verhoef, L. and Aguirre-Hernandez, R. and Nazeran, T.M. and Tessier-Cloutier, B. and Praetorius, T. and Orr, N.L. and Noga, H. and Lum, A. and Khattra, J. and Prentice, L.M. and Co, D. and Köbel, M. and Mijatovic, V. and Lee, A.F. and Pasternak, J. and Bleeker, M.C. and Krämer, B. and Brucker, S.Y. and Kommoss, F. and Kommoss, S. and Horlings, H.M. and Yong, P.J. and Huntsman, D.G. and Anglesio, M.S.
DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dey332
2019Oncogenic mutations in histologically normal endometrium: the new normal?
Journal of Pathology
Lac, V. and Nazeran, T.M. and Tessier-Cloutier, B. and Aguirre-Hernandez, R. and Albert, A. and Lum, A. and Khattra, J. and Praetorius, T. and Mason, M. and Chiu, D. and Köbel, M. and Yong, P.J. and Gilks, B.C. and Anglesio, M.S. and Huntsman, D.G.
DOI: 10.1002/path.5314
2019Guideline No. 390 - Classification and management of endometrial hyperplasia,Directive clinique N° 390-Classification et prise en charge de l'hyperplasie de l'endomètre
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada
Auclair, M.-H. and Yong, P.J. and Salvador, S. and Thurston, J. and Colgan, T.T.J. and Sebastianelli, A.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jogc.2019.07.012
2019Directive clinique No 386 - Chirurgie gynécologique chez les patientes obèses
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada
Yong, P.J. and Thurston, J. and Singh, S.S. and Allaire, C.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jogc.2019.04.006
2019Development and internal validation of the multivariable CIPHER (Collaborative Integrated Pregnancy High-dependency Estimate of Risk) clinical risk prediction model
Critical Care
DOI: 10.1186/s13054-018-2215-6
12/2018Deep Dyspareunia and Sexual Quality of Life in Women With Endometriosis
Sexual Medicine
Leona K. Shum and Mohamed A. Bedaiwy and Catherine Allaire and Christina Williams and Heather Noga and Arianne Albert and Sarka Lisonkova and Paul J. Yong
DOI: 10.1016/j.esxm.2018.04.006
09/2018Deep Dyspareunia in Endometriosis: Role of the Bladder and Pelvic Floor
The Journal of Sexual Medicine
Natasha L. Orr and Heather Noga and Christina Williams and Catherine Allaire and Mohamed A. Bedaiwy and Sarka Lisonkova and Kelly B. Smith and Paul J. Yong
DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2018.06.007
08/2018Systematic Review of Treatment Outcome Measures for Vulvodynia
Journal of Lower Genital Tract Disease
Leslie A. Sadownik and Paul J. Yong and Kelly B. Smith
DOI: 10.1097/lgt.0000000000000406
07/2018Chronic Pelvic Pain in an Interdisciplinary Setting
Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey
Catherine Allaire and Christina Williams and Sonja Bodmer-Roy and Sean Zhu and Kristina Arion and Kristin Ambacher and Jessica Wu and Ali Yosef and Fontayne Wong and Heather Noga and Susannah Britnell and Holly Yager and Mohamed A. Bedaiwy and Arianne Y. Albert and Sarka Lisonkova and Paul J. Yong
DOI: 10.1097/ogx.0000000000000552
05/2018The Effect of Age and Body Mass Index on the Surgical Anatomy of Supraumbilical Port Insertion: Implications for Laparoscopic and Robotic Surgery
Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation
Mohamed A. Bedaiwy and Paul J. Yong and Tarek A. Farghaly and Faten F. Abdelhafez and Justin Tan and Rachel Pope and William W. Hurd and James H. Liu and Kristine Zanotti
DOI: 10.1159/000488676
04/2018Chronic pelvic pain in an interdisciplinary setting: 1-year prospective cohort
American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
Catherine Allaire and Christina Williams and Sonja Bodmer-Roy and Sean Zhu and Kristina Arion and Kristin Ambacher and Jessica Wu and Ali Yosef and Fontayne Wong and Heather Noga and Susannah Britnell and Holly Yager and Mohamed A. Bedaiwy and Arianne Y. Albert and Sarka Lisonkova and Paul J. Yong
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2017.10.002
01/2018Reproductive Outcomes after Fertility-Sparing Surgery for Focal and Diffuse Adenomyosis: a Systematic Review
Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology
Justin Tan and Sophie Moriarty and Omur Taskin and Catherine Allaire and Christina Williams and Paul Yong and Mohamed A. Bedaiwy
DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2017.12.020
01/2018Endometriosis and endometriosis-associated cancers: new insights into the molecular mechanisms of ovarian cancer development
ecancermedicalscience
Amy Dawson and Marta Llauradó Fernandez and Michael Anglesio and Paul J Yong and Mark S Carey
DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2018.803
01/2018Prospective Cohort of Deep Dyspareunia in an Interdisciplinary Setting
The Journal of Sexual Medicine
Paul J. Yong and Christina Williams and Sonja Bodmer-Roy and Chukwuemeka Ezeigwe and Sean Zhu and Kristina Arion and Kristin Ambacher and Ali Yosef and Fontayne Wong and Heather Noga and Susannah Britnell and Holly Yager and Mohamed A. Bedaiwy and Lori A. Brotto and Arianne Y. Albert and Sarka Lisonkova and Catherine Allaire
DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2018.10.005
2018Factors Associated with Severity of Irritable Bowel Syndrome Symptoms in Patients with Endometriosis
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada
Lee, C.E. and Yong, P.J. and Williams, C. and Allaire, C.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jogc.2017.06.025
2018Nerve Growth Factor Is Associated With Sexual Pain in Women With Endometriosis
Reproductive Sciences
Peng, B. and Zhan, H. and Alotaibi, F. and Alkusayer, G.M. and Bedaiwy, M.A. and Yong, P.J.
DOI: 10.1177/1933719117716778
2018Systematic Review of Treatment Outcome Measures for Vulvodynia
Journal of Lower Genital Tract Disease
Sadownik, L.A. and Yong, P.J. and Smith, K.B.
DOI: 10.1097/LGT.0000000000000406
2018Chronic Pelvic Pain in an Interdisciplinary Setting: 1-Year Prospective Cohort
Obstetrical and Gynecological Survey
Allaire, C. and Williams, C. and Bodmer-Roy, S. and Zhu, S. and Arion, K. and Ambacher, K. and Wu, J. and Yosef, A. and Wong, F. and Noga, H. and Britnell, S. and Yager, H. and Bedaiwy, M.A. and Albert, A.Y. and Lisonkova, S. and Yong, P.J.
DOI: 10.1097/OGX.0000000000000552
2018Pain Catastrophizing and Pain Health-Related Quality-of-Life in Endometriosis
Clinical Journal of Pain
McPeak, A.E. and Allaire, C. and Williams, C. and Albert, A. and Lisonkova, S. and Yong, P.J.
DOI: 10.1097/AJP.0000000000000539
2018HOXB4 Immunoreactivity in Endometrial Tissues From Women With or Without Endometriosis
Reproductive Sciences
AlKusayer, G.M. and Pon, J.R. and Peng, B. and Klausen, C. and Lisonkova, S. and Kinloch, M. and Yong, P. and Muhammad, E.M.S. and Leung, P.C.K. and Bedaiwy, M.A.
DOI: 10.1177/1933719117732164
2018Deep Dyspareunia in Endometriosis: A Proposed Framework Based on Pain Mechanisms and Genito-Pelvic Pain Penetration Disorder
Sexual Medicine Reviews
Paul J. Yong
DOI: 10.1016/j.sxmr.2017.06.005
10/2017Differential expression of Kisspeptin and its receptor in eutopic and ectopic endometrium of women with and without endometriosis
Fertility and Sterility
A.O. Abdelkareem and A. Ait-Allah and S.M. Rasheed and Y.A. Helmy and C. Allaire and B. Peng and P. Yong and M.A. Bedaiwy
DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2017.07.146
09/2017Temporal trends in severe morbidity associated with ectopic pregnancy requiring hospitalization
Fertility and Sterility
S. Lisonkova and Q. Wen and L. Abdellatif and S. Alfaraj and P. Yong and M.A. Bedaiwy
DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2017.07.321
09/2017Anatomic Sites and Associated Clinical Factors for Deep Dyspareunia
Sexual Medicine
Paul J. Yong and Christina Williams and Ali Yosef and Fontayne Wong and Mohamed A. Bedaiwy and Sarka Lisonkova and Catherine Allaire
DOI: 10.1016/j.esxm.2017.07.001
09/2017Pain Catastrophizing and Pain Health-related Quality-of-life in Endometriosis
The Clinical Journal of Pain
Allison E. McPeak and Catherine Allaire and Christina Williams and Arianne Albert and Sarka Lisonkova and Paul J. Yong
DOI: 10.1097/ajp.0000000000000539
07/2017Cancer-Associated Mutations in Endometriosis without Cancer.
The New England journal of medicine
DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1614814
PubMed: 28489996
05/2017New developments in the medical treatment of endometriosis
Fertility and Sterility
Mohamed A. Bedaiwy and Sukinah Alfaraj and Paul Yong and Robert Casper
DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2016.12.025
03/2017Hospital-associated Costs of Chronic Pelvic Pain in Canada: A Population-based Descriptive Study
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada
Innie Chen and Kednapa Thavorn and Minxue Shen and Yvette Goddard and Paul Yong and George S. MacRae and Corrine Nishi and Ayah Matar and Catherine Allaire
DOI: 10.1016/j.jogc.2016.12.008
03/2017Endometriosis-associated Ovarian Cancers
Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology
MICHAEL S. ANGLESIO and PAUL J. YONG
DOI: 10.1097/grf.0000000000000320
2017Endometriosis-associated Ovarian Cancers
Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology
Anglesio, M.S. and Yong, P.J.
DOI: 10.1097/GRF.0000000000000320
2017An interdisciplinary approach to endometriosis-associated persistent pelvic pain
Journal of Endometriosis and Pelvic Pain Disorders
Allaire, C. and Aksoy, T. and Bedaiwy, M. and Britnell, S. and Noga, H.L. and Yager, H. and Yong, P.J.
DOI: 10.5301/jeppd.5000284
2017Medical Management of Endometriosis in Patients with Chronic Pelvic Pain
Seminars in Reproductive Medicine
Bedaiwy, M.A. and Allaire, C. and Yong, P. and Alfaraj, S.
DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1597308
2017Up-regulated hyaluronan synthase 2 mediates epidermal growth factor-induced cell migration and invasion in human endometriotic stromal cells
Fertility and Sterility
B. Peng and H. Zhan and P. Yong and P.C. Leung and J. Lin and M.A. Bedaiwy
DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2016.07.797
09/2016Abdominal Wall Pain in Women With Chronic Pelvic Pain
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada
Justin Mui and Catherine Allaire and Christina Williams and Paul J. Yong
DOI: 10.1016/j.jogc.2015.11.003
02/2016Teaching Vaginal Surgery to Junior Residents: Initial Validation of 3 Novel Procedure-Specific Low-Fidelity Models
Journal of Surgical Education
Roxana Geoffrion and Michael W. Suen and Nicole A. Koenig and Paul Yong and Erin Brennand and Neeraj Mehra and Maryse Larouche and Terry Lee and Nicole J. Todd
DOI: 10.1016/j.jsurg.2015.09.004
01/2016Nerve Bundles and Deep Dyspareunia in Endometriosis
Reproductive Sciences
Williams, C. and Hoang, L. and Yosef, A. and Alotaibi, F. and Allaire, C. and Brotto, L. and Fraser, I.S. and Bedaiwy, M.A. and Ng, T.L. and Lee, A.F. and Yong, P.J.
DOI: 10.1177/1933719115623644
2016Multifactorial contributors to the severity of chronic pelvic pain in women
American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
Yosef, A. and Allaire, C. and Williams, C. and Ahmed, A.G. and Al-Hussaini, T. and Abdellah, M.S. and Wong, F. and Lisonkova, S. and Yong, P.J.
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2016.07.023
2016An Evaluation Model for a Multidisciplinary Chronic Pelvic Pain Clinic: Application of the RE-AIM Framework
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada
Innie Chen and Deborah Money and Paul Yong and Christina Williams and Catherine Allaire
DOI: 10.1016/s1701-2163(15)30151-1
09/2015Expression of HOXB4 in endometrial tissues from women with or without endometriosis
Fertility and Sterility
G.M. Alkusayer and B. Peng and C. Klausen and S. Lisonkova and M. Kinloch and P. Yong and M.A. Bedaiwy
DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.07.489
09/2015Multifocal endometriotic lesions associated with cancer are clonal and carry a high mutation burden
The Journal of Pathology
Michael S Anglesio and Ali Bashashati and Yi Kan Wang and Janine Senz and Gavin Ha and Winnie Yang and Mohamed R Aniba and Leah M Prentice and Hossein Farahani and Hector Li Chang and Anthony N Karnezis and Marco A Marra and Paul J Yong and Martin Hirst and Blake Gilks and Sohrab P Shah and David G Huntsman
DOI: 10.1002/path.4516
03/2015Concurrent Deep–Superficial Dyspareunia: Prevalence, Associations, and Outcomes in a Multidisciplinary Vulvodynia Program
The Journal of Sexual Medicine
Paul J. Yong and Leslie Sadownik and Lori A. Brotto
DOI: 10.1111/jsm.12729
01/2015Impact of a Multidisciplinary Vulvodynia Program on Sexual Functioning and Dyspareunia
The Journal of Sexual Medicine
Lori A. Brotto and Paul Yong and Kelly B. Smith and Leslie A. Sadownik
DOI: 10.1111/jsm.12718
01/2015An Evaluation Model for a Multidisciplinary Chronic Pelvic Pain Clinic: Application of the RE-AIM Framework
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada
Chen, I. and Money, D. and Yong, P. and Williams, C. and Allaire, C.
DOI: 10.1016/S1701-2163(15)30151-1
2015Pelvic Floor Tenderness in the Etiology of Superficial Dyspareunia
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada
Paul J. Yong and Justin Mui and Catherine Allaire and Christina Williams
DOI: 10.1016/s1701-2163(15)30414-x
11/2014Routes of hysterectomy in women with benign uterine disease in the Vancouver Coastal Health and Providence Health Care regions: a retrospective cohort analysis
Canadian Medical Association Journal
DOI: 10.9778/cmajo.20130080
PubMed: 25485254
11/2014Laparoscopic Versus Abdominal Myomectomy: Practice Patterns and Health Care Use in British Columbia
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada
Innie Chen and Sarka Lisonkova and K.S. Joseph and Christina Williams and Paul Yong and Catherine Allaire
DOI: 10.1016/s1701-2163(15)30484-9
09/2014Is Endometriosis a Surgical Disease?
Surgery: Current Research
Paul J Yong and Christina William
DOI: 10.4172/2161-1076.1000164
2014Bladder base tenderness in the etiology of deep dyspareunia
Journal of Sexual Medicine
Nourmoussavi, M. and Bodmer-Roy, S. and Mui, J. and Mawji, N. and Williams, C. and Allaire, C. and Yong, P.J.
DOI: 10.1111/jsm.12708
2014Laparoscopic Versus Abdominal Myomectomy: Practice Patterns and Health Care Use in British Columbia
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada
Chen, I. and Lisonkova, S. and Joseph, K.S. and Williams, C. and Yong, P. and Allaire, C.
DOI: 10.1016/S1701-2163(15)30484-9
2014Pelvic floor tenderness in the etiology of superficial dyspareunia
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada
Yong, P.J. and Mui, J. and Allaire, C. and Williams, C.
DOI: 10.1016/S1701-2163(15)30414-X
2014Surgery for pelvic pain in endometriosis
Pain Management Yearbook 2013
2014Pilot Study of Pelvic Girdle Pain in Women With and Without Laparoscopically Diagnosed Endometriosis
International Journal of Surgery Research & Practice
Paul J Yong
DOI: 10.23937/2378-3397/1410011
2014Needs Assessment of Obstetrician-Gynaecologists in British Columbia for the Care of Women with Endometriosis and Chronic Pelvic Pain
Reproductive System & Sexual Disorders
Paul Yong
DOI: 10.4172/2161-038x.1000128
2014Endovaginal ultrasound-assisted pain mapping in endometriosis and chronic pelvic pain
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
P. J. Yong and C. Sutton and M. Suen and C. Williams
DOI: 10.3109/01443615.2013.821971
10/2013Laparoscopic Inguinal Exploration and Mesh Placement for Chronic Pelvic Pain
JSLS : Journal of the Society of Laparoendoscopic Surgeons
Paul J. Yong and Christina Williams and Catherine Allaire
DOI: 10.4293/108680812x13517013317310
2013Laparoscopic inguinal exploration and mesh placement for Chronic Pelvic pain
Journal of the Society of Laparoendoscopic Surgeons
Yong, P.J. and Williams, C. and Allaire, C.
DOI: 10.4293/108680812X13517013317310
2013Development of a centre for interdisciplinary care of patients with pelvic pain and endometriosis
British Columbia Medical Journal
Yong, P.J. and Williams, C. and Houlihan, E. and Britnell, S. and Lau, B. and Allaire, C.
2013Surgery for pelvic pain in endometriosis
Journal of Pain Management
Yong, P.J. and Chen, I. and Allaire, C. and Williams, C.
2013Choosing the right surgery for endometriosis and pelvic pain
Endometriosis: Risk Factors, Symptoms and Management
Yong, P.J. and Chen, I. and Allaire, C. and Williams, C.
2013Choosing the right surgery for endometriosis and pelvic pain
Endometriosis: Risk Factors, Symptoms, and Management
2013Development of an interdisciplinary pelvic pain and endometriosis clinic
BC Medical Journal
2013Fertility awareness in gynecology and women’s health: application to family planning and endometriosis
Linacre Quarterly
2013Infertility management in a Canadian family practice
Linacre Quarterly
2013Surgery for pelvic pain in endometriosis
Journal of Pain Management
2013Clinical Predictors of Endometriosis in the Infertility Population: Is There a Better Way to Determine Who Needs a Laparoscopy?
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada
Kellie Whitehill and Paul J. Yong and Christina Williams
DOI: 10.1016/s1701-2163(16)35271-9
06/2012Protein Kinase Profiling in Miscarriage: Implications for the Pathogenesis of Trisomic Pregnancy
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada
Paul J. Yong and Deborah E. McFadden and Wendy P. Robinson
DOI: 10.1016/s1701-2163(16)35461-5
2012Prediction of pediatric outcome after prenatal diagnosis and expectant antenatal management of congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation
Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy
Yong, P.J. and Von Dadelszen, P. and Carpara, D. and Lim, K. and Kent, N. and Tessier, F. and Delisle, M.-F. and Wong, T. and Blair, G. and Skarsgard, E.D.
DOI: 10.1159/000331936
2012Protein Kinase Profiling in Miscarriage: Implications for the Pathogenesis of Trisomic Pregnancy
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada
Yong, P.J. and McFadden, D.E. and Robinson, W.P.
DOI: 10.1016/S1701-2163(16)35461-5
2012Clinical Predictors of Endometriosis in the Infertility Population: Is There a Better Way to Determine Who Needs a Laparoscopy?
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada
Whitehill, K. and Yong, P.J. and Williams, C.
DOI: 10.1016/S1701-2163(16)35271-9
2012Transvaginal Repair and Graft Interposition for Rectovaginal Fistula Due to a Neglected Pessary
Female Pelvic Medicine & Reconstructive Surgery
Paul J. Yong and Matthew M. Garrey and Roxana Geoffrion
DOI: 10.1097/spv.0b013e3182282c4e
07/2011Developmental Origin of Chorionic Villus Cultures From Spontaneous Abortion and Chorionic Villus Sampling
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada
Paul J. Yong and Deborah E. McFadden and Wendy P. Robinson
DOI: 10.1016/s1701-2163(16)34877-0
05/2011Transvaginal repair and graft interposition for rectovaginal fistula due to a neglected pessary: Case report and review of the literature
Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery
Yong, P.J. and Garrey, M.M. and Geoffrion, R.
DOI: 10.1097/SPV.0b013e3182282c4e
2011Developmental Origin of Chorionic Villus Cultures From Spontaneous Abortion and Chorionic Villus Sampling
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada
Yong, P.J. and McFadden, D.E. and Robinson, W.P.
DOI: 10.1016/S1701-2163(16)34877-0
2011Monochorionic Diamniotic Triplet Pregnancy With Prenatal Diagnosis of Cord Entanglement
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada
Paul J. Yong and Duncan F. Farquharson and Jagdeep Ubhi
DOI: 10.1016/s1701-2163(16)34455-3
03/2010Monochorionic Diamniotic Triplet Pregnancy With Prenatal Diagnosis of Cord Entanglement
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada
Yong, P.J. and Farquharson, D.F. and Ubhi, J.
DOI: 10.1016/S1701-2163(16)34455-3
2010Placental Weight in Pregnancies With Trisomy Confined to the Placenta
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada
Paul J. Yong and Peter von Dadelszen and Deborah E. McFadden and Irene J. Barrett and Dagmar K. Kalousek and Wendy P. Robinson
DOI: 10.1016/s1701-2163(16)34239-6
07/2009Expectant management of pre-eclampsia remote from term: A structured review of maternal and perinatal outcomes
Hypertension in Pregnancy
2009Expectant management of severe preeclampsia remote from term: A structured systematic review
Hypertension in Pregnancy
Magee, L.A. and Yong, P.J. and Espinosa, V. and Côté, A.M. and Chen, I. and Von Dadelszen, P.
DOI: 10.1080/10641950802601252
2009Placental Weight in Pregnancies With Trisomy Confined to the Placenta
Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada
Yong, P.J. and von Dadelszen, P. and McFadden, D.E. and Barrett, I.J. and Kalousek, D.K. and Robinson, W.P.
DOI: 10.1016/S1701-2163(16)34239-6
2009The association between preeclampsia and placental trisomy 16 mosaicism
Prenatal Diagnosis
Paul J. Yong and Sylvie Langlois and Peter von Dadelszen and Wendy Robinson
DOI: 10.1002/pd.1534
2006Postnatal follow-up of prenatally diagnosed trisomy 16 mosaicism
Prenatal Diagnosis
Langlois, S. and Yong, P.J. and Yong, S.L. and Barrett, I. and Kalousek, D.K. and Miny, P. and Exeler, R. and Morris, K. and Robinson, W.P.
DOI: 10.1002/pd.1457
2006Decidual NK cells alter in vitro first trimester extravillous cytotrophoblast migration: A role for IFN-¿
Journal of Immunology
Hu, Y. and Dutz, J.P. and MacCalman, C.D. and Yong, P. and Tan, R. and Von Dadelszen, P.
DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.177.12.8522
2006Clinical aspects, prenatal diagnosis, and pathogenesis of trisomy 16 mosaicism
Journal of Medical Genetics
P J Yong
DOI: 10.1136/jmg.40.3.175
03/2003Placentology in the world's most livable city: HLA-G, pre-eclampsia and HIF-1.
Clinical and investigative medicine. Médecine clinique et experimentale
Yong, P.J.
2003Clinical aspects, prenatal diagnosis, and pathogenesis of trisomy 16 mosaicism
Journal of Medical Genetics
Yong, P.J. and Barrett, I.J. and Kalousek, D.K. and Robinson, W.P.
2003Evidence for imprinting on chromosome 16: The effect of uniparental disomy on the outcome of mosaic trisomy 16 pregnancies
American Journal of Medical Genetics
P.J. Yong and S.A. Marion and I.J. Barrett and D.K. Kalousek and W.P. Robinson
DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.10702
09/200216 The evolution of gene duplicates
Homology Effects
S OTTO and P YONG
DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2660(02)46017-8
2002 - Research
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Current Projects
Pathophysiology of deep endometriosis: Deep invasive endometriosis is an invasive type of endometriosis that leads to deep dyspareunia and painful bowel movements (dyschezia). I am exploring the cellular and genetic mechanisms behind this invasive form of endometriosis.Current Projects
Local neurogenesis and deep dyspareunia in endometriosis: I am studying the role of local nerve growth in the pelvis (the pouch of Douglas and uterosacral ligaments) as a cause of deep dyspareunia in endometriosis.Current Projects
Clinical predictors of deep dyspareunia in endometriosis: Using a prospective database that I developed, I am investigating the variables from history, validated questionnaires, physical examination, and surgical findings, that are associated with deep dyspareunia (and other pain) in endometriosis.GrantsCIHR Operating Grant (2015-2018) ($282,000)
CFI John Evans Leaders Fund (2015-2016) ($312,500 with matching funds)
CIHR Operating Grant Priority Announcement (2014-2015) ($100,000)
Honours & AwardsBest abstract in pelvic pain. AAGL Global Congress, Vancouver, BC, October 2014.(Presented by trainee)
Best oral presentation (Gynaecology), Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada (SOGC) Annual Meeting, Niagrara Falls, ON, June 2014.
Research Group MembersBaran Askari, Medical Student
Yomna Bedaiwy
Thomas Bouchard, PhD Student
Mena Burr, Medical Student
Avrilynn Ding
Brie Dungate, Medical Student
Avonae Gentles, Masters Student
Parveen Gill, Volunteer
Emma Goodwin, Work Learn Student
Amna Hussain, Honours Student
Angela Johnston, Clinical Resident
Caroline Lee, Gynecologist
Anna Leonovaa, PhD Student
Tinya Lin, Clinical Fellow
Doris Liu, Medical Student
Brittany MacGregor, Clinical Fellow
Nisha Marshall, Research Assistant
Agnes Mwaura, Postdoctoral Fellow
Heather Noga, Research Manager
Natasha Orr, Graduate Research Assistant
Kiran Parmar, Research Assistant
Hannah Rojas, Medical Student
Lisa Soderman, Postdoctoral Fellow
Mahfuza Sreya, Research Technician
Dwayne Tucker, Graduate Research Assistant
Gerbrand Zoet