- Overview
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I have always been interested in studying the processes of education in health professions programs, such as medical doctor (MD) programs. Specifically, I work to understand the best practices in education that result in better care for diverse and structurally marginalized populations. This work has included studying admissions barriers for diverse students entering into medical school, analyzing curricula for health equity and anti-racism, and examining the process of professional socialization and identity formation for diverse learners. I have used both quantitative (statistical) and qualitative (critical discourse analysis and hermeneutics) methods in my work. I seek to link the understandings gained through research to educational policies for greater social justice.
- Publications
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Fairness in health professions selection: learning from organizational justice theory and a pandemic
Canadian Medical Education Journal
Jean-Michel Leduc and Saleem Razack and Ashley Dennis and Oana Gröne and Mirjana Knorr
DOI: 10.36834/cmej.78810
08/2024Critically re-examining professional norms: Medicine's urgent need to look inwards
Medical Education
Robert Sternszus and Linda Snell and Saleem Razack
DOI: 10.1111/medu.15318
07/2024The violence of curriculum: Dismantling systemic racism, colonisation and indigenous erasure within medical education
Medical Education
Saleem Razack and Lisa Richardson and Suntosh R. Pillay
DOI: 10.1111/medu.15470
07/2024Equity, diversity, inclusion, and social justice in CanMEDS 2025
Canadian Medical Education Journal
Cheryl Barnabe and Kannin Osei-Tutu and Jerry M Maniate and Saleem Razack and Brian M Wong and Brent Thoma and Nathalie Duchesne
DOI: 10.36834/cmej.75845
02/2023Asian Conscientization: Reflections on the Experiences of Asian Faculty in Academic Medicine
Teaching and Learning in Medicine
DOI: 10.1080/10401334.2023.2274560
2023Embedding anti-racism in Schools of Public Health: a pathway to accountability for progress towards equity
Canadian Journal of Public Health
DOI: 10.17269/s41997-023-00796-z
2023Applying an equity lens to hospital safety monitoring: a critical interpretive synthesis protocol
BMJ Open
DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-072706
2023Codesigning Policy-Based Solutions to Discrimination and Harassment in Academic Medicine: An Inclusive Approach
Academic Medicine
DOI: 10.1097/ACM.0000000000005466
2023TOwards enhancing Paediatric Intensive Care for Children with Medical Complexity (ToPIC CMC): a mixed-methods study protocol using Experience-based Co-design
BMJ Open
Rennick, J. and Buchanan, F. and Cohen, E. and Carnevale, F. and Dryden-Palmer, K. and Fontela, P. and Patel, H. and Razack, S. and St-Sauveur, I. and Law, S.
DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-066459
2022Freedom from discrimination or freedom to discriminate? Discursive tensions within discrimination policies in medical education
Advances in Health Sciences Education
Sukhera, J. and Goez, H. and Brown, A. and Haddara, W. and Razack, S.
DOI: 10.1007/s10459-022-10090-1
2022Honouring the multitudes: removing structural racism in medical education
The Lancet
Razack, S. and Naidu, T.
DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(22)02454-0
2022Clinical Reasoning Behind Antibiotic Use in PICUs: A Qualitative Study*
Pediatric Critical Care Medicine
Fontela, P.S. and Gaudreault, J. and Dagenais, M. and No{\"e}l, K.C. and D{\'e}ragon, A. and Lacroix, J. and Razack, S. and Rennick, J. and Quach, C. and Mcnally, J.D. and Carnevale, F.A.
DOI: 10.1097/PCC.0000000000002886
2022Privilege, social justice and the goals of medicine: Towards a critically conscious professionalism of solidarity
Perspectives on Medical Education
Razack, S. and de Carvalho Filho, M.A. and Merlo, G. and Agbor-Baiyee, W. and de Groot, J. and Reynolds, P.P.
DOI: 10.1007/s40037-022-00699-8
2022When I say … privilege
Medical Education
Jennifer Cleland and Saleem Razack
DOI: 10.1111/medu.14599
12/2021‘Meritocracy’ and ‘fairness’ in medical student selection: Comparing UK and Australia
Medical Education
Saleem Razack
DOI: 10.1111/medu.14525
07/2021Professionalism revisited during the pandemics of our time: COVID-19 and racism
Perspectives on Medical Education
Zareen Zaidi and Saleem Razack and Arno K. Kumagai
DOI: 10.1007/S40037-021-00657-W
03/2021The case for a Canadian standard for 2SLGBTQIA+ medical education,Arguments en faveur d'une norme canadienne pour l'intégration des enjeux 2SLGBTQIA+ dans les études de médecine
CMAJ
Schreiber, M. and Ahmad, T. and Scott, M. and Imrie, K. and Razack, S.
DOI: 10.1503/CMAJ.202642-F
2021The case for a Canadian standard for 2SLGBTQIA+ medical education
CMAJ
Schreiber, M. and Ahmad, T. and Scott, M. and Imrie, K. and Razack, S.
DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.202642
2021Beyond the cultural myth of medical meritocracy
Medical Education
Saleem Razack and Torsten Risør and Brian Hodges and Yvonne Steinert
DOI: 10.1111/medu.13871
01/2020Inclusion in the clinical learning environment: Building the conditions for diverse human flourishing
Medical Teacher
Saleem Razack and Ingrid Philibert
DOI: 10.1080/0142159X.2019.1566600
04/2019The clinical learning environment
Medical Teacher
Jonas Nordquist and Jena Hall and Kelly Caverzagie and Linda Snell and Ming-Ka Chan and Brent Thoma and Saleem Razack and Ingrid Philibert
DOI: 10.1080/0142159X.2019.1566601
04/2019Learning and professional acculturation through work: Examining the clinical learning environment through the sociocultural lens
Medical Teacher
Ingrid Philibert and Elizabeth Elsey and Simon Fleming and Saleem Razack
DOI: 10.1080/0142159X.2019.1567912
04/2019Navigating social distance in foundational clinical encounters: Understanding medical students’ early experiences with diverse patients
Medical Teacher
Miesha Roberts-MacDonald and Saleem Razack
DOI: 10.1080/0142159X.2017.1417578
09/2018It takes a village to move a hospital: Simulation improves intensive care team preparedness for a move to a new site
Hospital Pediatrics
Francoeur, C. and Shea, S. and Ruddy, M. and Fontela, P. and Bhanji, F. and Razack, S. and Gottesman, R. and Di Genova, T.
DOI: 10.1542/hpeds.2017-0112
2018Facilitating admissions of diverse students: A six-point, evidence-informed framework for pipeline and program development
Perspectives on Medical Education
Young, M.E. and Thomas, A. and Varpio, L. and Razack, S.I. and Hanson, M.D. and Slade, S. and Dayem, K.L. and McKnight, D.J.
DOI: 10.1007/s40037-017-0341-5
2017Cutting Close to the Bone: Student Trauma, Free Speech, and Institutional Responsibility in Medical Education
Academic Medicine
Kumagai, A.K. and Jackson, B. and Razack, S.
DOI: 10.1097/ACM.0000000000001425
2017Reliability and validity of the multiple mini interview (MMI) for admissions to an occupational therapy professional program
British Journal of Occupational Therapy
Thomas, A. and Young, M.E. and Mazer, B.L. and Lubarsky, S.E. and Razack, S.I.
DOI: 10.1177/0308022617713980
2017Misalignments of purpose and power in an early Canadian interprofessional education initiative
Advances in Health Sciences Education
Whyte, S. and Paradis, E. and Cartmill, C. and Kuper, A. and Boon, H. and Hart, C. and Razack, S. and Pipher, M. and Whitehead, C.R.
DOI: 10.1007/s10459-016-9746-x
2017'Fairness' and student selection: The case for mandatory air quotes
Medical Education
Razack, S.
DOI: 10.1111/medu.12997
2016Candidates' and interviewers' perceptions of multiple-mini interviews for admission to an occupational therapy professional program
Occupational Therapy in Health Care
Thomas, A. and Young, M.E. and Mazer, B.L. and Lubarsky, S.E. and Razack, S.I.
DOI: 10.3109/07380577.2015.1012776
2015Seeking inclusion in an exclusive process: Discourses of medical school student selection
Medical Education
Razack, S. and Hodges, B. and Steinert, Y. and Maguire, M.
DOI: 10.1111/medu.12547
2015Acceptability and reliability of multiple mini interviews for admission to otolaryngology residency
Laryngoscope
Campagna-Vaillancourt, M. and Manoukian, J. and Razack, S. and Nguyen, L.H.P.
DOI: 10.1002/lary.24122
2014The more it changes; the more it remains the same: A foucauldian analysis of Canadian policy documents relevant to student selection for medical school
Advances in Health Sciences Education
Razack, S. and Lessard, D. and Hodges, B.D. and Maguire, M.H. and Steinert, Y.
DOI: 10.1007/s10459-013-9468-2
2014A preliminary study of the impact of a handover cognitive aid on clinical reasoning and information transfer
Medical Education
Weiss, M.J. and Bhanji, F. and Fontela, P.S. and Razack, S.I.
DOI: 10.1111/medu.12212
2013Calling for a broader conceptualization of diversity: Surface and deep diversity in four Canadian medical schools
Academic Medicine
Young, M.E. and Razack, S. and Hanson, M.D. and Slade, S. and Varpio, L. and Dore, K.L. and McKnight, D.
DOI: 10.1097/ACM.0b013e31826daf74
2012What might we be saying to potential applicants to medical school? Discourses of excellence, equity, and diversity on the Web sites of Canada's 17 medical schools
Academic Medicine
Razack, S. and Maguire, M. and Hodges, B. and Steinert, Y.
DOI: 10.1097/ACM.0b013e318267663a
2012Twelve tips for using the Objective Structured Teaching Exercise for faculty development
Medical Teacher
Boillat, M. and Bethune, C. and Ohle, E. and Razack, S. and Steinert, Y.
DOI: 10.3109/0142159X.2011.599891
2012Handover after pediatric heart surgery: A simple tool improves information exchange
Pediatric Critical Care Medicine
Zavalkoff, S.R. and Razack, S.I. and Lavoie, J. and Dancea, A.B.
DOI: 10.1097/PCC.0b013e3181fe27b6
2011Canadian residents' perceived manager training needs
Medical Teacher
Stergiopoulos, V. and Lieff, S. and Razack, S. and Lee, A.C. and Maniate, J.M. and Hyde, S. and Taber, S. and Frank, J.R.
DOI: 10.3109/0142159X.2010.509416
2010Pneumatic video-otoscopy teaching improves the diagnostic accuracy of otitis media with effusion: Results of a randomized controlled trial
Journal of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery
Al-Khatib, T. and Fanous, A. and Al-Saab, F. and Sewitch, M. and Razack, S. and Nguyen, L.H.P.
DOI: 10.2310/7070.2010.100035
2010Faculty development: If you build it, they will come
Medical Education
Steinert, Y. and Macdonald, M.E. and Boillat, M. and Elizov, M. and Meterissian, S. and Razack, S. and Ouellet, M.-N. and McLeod, P.J.
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2923.2010.03746.x
2010Lost in translation: The challenges of global communication in medical education publishing
Medical Education
Cantillon, P. and McLeod, P. and Razack, S. and Snell, L. and Steinert, Y.
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2923.2009.03383.x
2009Vulnerable and marginalized children: Who are they and how can we help?
Paediatrics and Child Health
Razack, S.
DOI: 10.1093/pch/14.5.287
2009Multiple mini-interviews versus traditional interviews: Stakeholder acceptability comparison
Medical Education
Razack, S. and Faremo, S. and Drolet, F. and Snell, L. and Wiseman, J. and Pickering, J.
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2923.2009.03447.x
2009Which pedagogical principles should clinical teachers know Teachers and education experts disagree disagreement on important pedagogical principles
Medical Teacher
McLeod, P. and Steinert, Y. and Chalk, C. and Cruess, R. and Cruess, S. and Meterissian, S. and Razack, S. and Snell, L.
DOI: 10.1080/01421590802335900
2009Erratum: Development of a leadership skills workshop in paediatric advanced resuscitation (Medical Teacher (2007) vol. 29 (e276-e283))
Medical Teacher
Gilfoyle, E. and Gottesman, R. and Razack, S.
DOI: 10.1080/01421590801951616
2008Ethical issues in health research in children
Paediatrics and Child Health
Albersheim, S. and Fernandez, C. and Hilliard, R. and Razack, S. and Templeton, C. and Tsai, E.
DOI: 10.1093/pch/13.8.707
2008Guidelines for genetic testing of healthy children - Addendum,Lignes directrices pour les tests génétiques des enfants en santé - Addenda
Paediatrics and Child Health
Albersheim, S. and Fernandez, C. and Hilliard, R. and Razack, S. and Templeton, C. and Tsai, E.
DOI: 10.1093/pch/13.4.311
2008The ethics of using innovative therapies in the care of children
Paediatrics and Child Health
Eyadhy, A.A. and Razack, S.
DOI: 10.1093/pch/13.3.181
2008Understanding what residents want and what residents need: The challenge of cultural training in pediatrics
Medical Teacher
MacDonald, M.E. and Carnevale, F.A. and Razack, S.
DOI: 10.1080/01421590701509639
2007Coming of age as communicators: Differences in the implementation of common communications skills training in four residency programmes
Medical Education
Razack, S. and Meterissian, S. and Morin, L. and Snell, L. and Steinert, Y. and Tabatabai, D. and MacLellan, A.-M.
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2929.2007.02722.x
2007Promoting skill-building in cultural competence: A must for paediatricians who care for socially vulnerable populations
Paediatrics and Child Health
Razack, S.
DOI: 10.1093/pch/12.8.657
2007Development of a leadership skills workshop in paediatric advanced resuscitation
Medical Teacher
Gilfoyle, E. and Gottesman, R. and Razack, S.
DOI: 10.1080/01421590701663287
2007Social paediatrics
Paediatrics and Child Health
Guyda, H. and Razack, S. and Steinmetz, N.
DOI: 10.1093/pch/11.10.643
2006Management and leadership development programs for the medical community at McGill University
McGill Journal of Medicine
Moore, K. and Patel, H. and Razack, S. and Snell, L. and Taylor, L.
2006Significant association with location of central venous line placement and risk of venous thrombosis in children
Thrombosis and Haemostasis
Male, C. and Julian, J.A. and Massicotte, P. and Gent, M. and Mitchell, L. and Monagle, P. and Halton, J. and David, M. and Chalmers, E. and Krueger, M. and Werner, H. and Jacobs, B. and Pitcher, L. and Silva, M. and Guarini, L. and de Alarcon, P. and Luchtman-Jones, L. and Razack, S.
DOI: 10.1160/TH03-02-0091
2005An item analysis of the comfort scale in a pediatric intensive care unit
Pediatric Critical Care Medicine
Carnevale, F.A. and Razack, S.
DOI: 10.1097/00130478-200204000-00016
2002Evaluation of a sedation protocol for intubated critically ill children
Intensive and Critical Care Nursing
Alexander, E. and Carnevale, F.A. and Razack, S.
DOI: 10.1016/S0964339702000502
2002Two future generations of blood substitutes based on polyhemoglobin-SOD-catalase and nanoencapsulation
Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews
Chang, T.M.S. and D{'}Agnillo, F. and Yu, W.P. and Razack, S.
DOI: 10.1016/S0169-409X(99)00051-4
2000Proposed model for interaction between residents and residency training programs, and pharmaceutical industry.
Annals of the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada
Razack, S. and Arbour, L. and Hutcheon, R.
1999Crosslinked hemoglobin-superoxide dismutase-catalase scavenges free radicals in a rat model of intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury
Artificial Cells, Blood Substitutes, and Immobilization Biotechnology
Razack, S. and D{'}Agnillo, F. and Chang, T.M.S.
DOI: 10.3109/10731199709118909
1997 - Research
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Models of Care for Children with Medical Complexity in Pediatric Critical Care Medicine
Due to advances in pediatric care, children with medical complexity are increasing as a population. This group of patients includes children that may depend on technology to survive, or who have complex medical conditions requiring significant care at home. Often, with these children, there is significant parental expertise that develops in the medical aspects of care. When a child with medical complexity is admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit, there may be a need to evolve the traditional ICU model of care to better incorporate and respect parental expertise. In this study, which is multi-centered, we seek to understand how models of care for children with medical complexity should evolve to this end, and how the education of PICU professionals can be made better through this understanding.Professional Socialization for Greater Social Justice
With several colleagues at multiple universities, I have been examining the intersection of the process of professional socialization (often termed “professionalism training” or “professional identity formation”) and how this process might reproduce unwanted hierarchies and elitism. I have been working with the pedagogical theories of Brazilian educator, Paulo Freire, to develop a vision of how professionalism education might evolve for greater social justice.Anti-Racism in Medical Education
I have been and am interested in analyzing both the formal and hidden curricula of medical education through the lens of critical anti-racist pedagogy.GrantsMay 1, 2022 to April 30, 2023. N Soilis, F Bhanji, T Carver, F Claudio, F Filion, S Razack. Creating an Interprofessional, Intersectoral and Multimodal Educational Program for Gender-Based Violence Screening and Referral. Institute for Health Sciences Education Innovation and Research Seed Fund: $10,000
April 1, 2020 to March 30, 2023. PI: Timothy Dube. Co-PIs: S Razack, R Strasser, E Cameron. Tackling the nuances of social accountability: Exploring the black box of teaching and learning experiences. Social Sciences and Humanities Insight Grant: $133,343
April 1, 2018 to March 30, 2022. PI: Rennick J, Vigneault K. Co-Investigators: Buchanan F, Carnevale F, Cohen E, Dryden-Palmer K, Fontela P, Law S, Patel H, Razack S, St.-Sauveur I, Zhang X. When Expertise Collides: Using Experience-Based Co-Design to Enhance Care Experiences for Children with Medical Complexity in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit. CIHR: $462,824 over 4 years
Honours & Awards2022: John Benson Award for best paper of professionalism from the American Board of Internal Medicine
2014: Award for Educational Leadership from the Pediatric Chairs of Canada
2012: Award Recipient, May Cohen Gender Equity Award, presented by the Association of Faculties of Medicine of Canada for National Contributions to Equity and Diversity in Medical Education
2012: Inaugural Award Recipient, Haile T. Debas Award for Excellence in Contribution to Equity and Diversity in Medical Education at McGill University (value: $10,000 CDN)
2007: Canadian Association for Medical Education Certificate of Merit, presented at Victoria, BC, April, 2007
2007: Faculty Honour List for Excellence in Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Presented at McGill University, June 2007
1999: Paige and Bernard Kaplan Award for Excellence in Clinical Teaching, Pediatric Residency Program, Montreal Children’s Hospital
1996: Canadian Critical Care Society Award for Best Fellowship Research Project
Committing to change in care: Q&A with new investigator Dr. Saleem Razack
Dr. Saleem Razack joins BC Children's Hospital as a new investigator and critical care physician in the pediatric intensive care unit. His studies have important implications for increasing opportunities to incorporate anti-racist practices in medical education and making health care more accessible to all.
